<?php

define('DWOO_DIRECTORY', dirname(dirname(__FILE__)) . DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR);

/**
 * main dwoo class, allows communication between the compiler, template and data classes
 *
 * <pre>
 * requirements :
 *  php 5.2.0 or above (might work below, it's a rough estimate)
 *  SPL and PCRE extensions (for php versions prior to 5.3.0)
 *  mbstring extension for some string manipulation plugins (especially if you intend to use UTF-8)
 * recommended :
 *  hash extension (for Dwoo_Template_String - minor performance boost)
 *
 * project created :
 *  2008-01-05
 * </pre>
 *
 * This software is provided 'as-is', without any express or implied warranty.
 * In no event will the authors be held liable for any damages arising from the use of this software.
 *
 * @author     Jordi Boggiano <j.boggiano@seld.be>
 * @copyright  Copyright (c) 2008, Jordi Boggiano
 * @license    http://dwoo.org/LICENSE   Modified BSD License
 * @link       http://dwoo.org/
 * @version    1.2.0
 * @date       2013-02-15
 * @package    Dwoo
 */
class Dwoo_Core
{
    /**
     * current version number
     *
     * @var string
     */
    const VERSION = '1.2.0';

    /**
     * unique number of this dwoo release
     *
     * this can be used by templates classes to check whether the compiled template
     * has been compiled before this release or not, so that old templates are
     * recompiled automatically when Dwoo is updated
     */
    const RELEASE_TAG = 17;

    /**#@+
     * constants that represents all plugin types
     *
     * these are bitwise-operation-safe values to allow multiple types
     * on a single plugin
     *
     * @var int
     */
    const CLASS_PLUGIN = 1;
    const FUNC_PLUGIN = 2;
    const NATIVE_PLUGIN = 4;
    const BLOCK_PLUGIN = 8;
    const COMPILABLE_PLUGIN = 16;
    const CUSTOM_PLUGIN = 32;
    const SMARTY_MODIFIER = 64;
    const SMARTY_BLOCK = 128;
    const SMARTY_FUNCTION = 256;
    const PROXY_PLUGIN = 512;
    const TEMPLATE_PLUGIN = 1024;
    /**#@-*/

    /**
     * character set of the template, used by string manipulation plugins
     *
     * it must be lowercase, but setCharset() will take care of that
     *
     * @see setCharset
     * @see getCharset
     * @var string
     */
    protected $charset = 'utf-8';

    /**
     * global variables that are accessible through $dwoo.* in the templates
     *
     * default values include:
     *
     * $dwoo.version - current version number
     * $dwoo.ad - a Powered by Dwoo link pointing to dwoo.org
     * $dwoo.now - the current time
     * $dwoo.template - the current template filename
     * $dwoo.charset - the character set used by the template
     *
     * on top of that, foreach and other plugins can store special values in there,
     * see their documentation for more details.
     *
     * @private
     * @var array
     */
    public $globals;

    /**
     * directory where the compiled templates are stored
     *
     * defaults to DWOO_COMPILEDIR (= dwoo_dir/compiled by default)
     *
     * @var string
     */
    protected $compileDir;

    /**
     * directory where the cached templates are stored
     *
     * defaults to DWOO_CACHEDIR (= dwoo_dir/cache by default)
     *
     * @var string
     */
    protected $cacheDir;

    /**
     * defines how long (in seconds) the cached files must remain valid
     *
     * can be overriden on a per-template basis
     *
     * -1 = never delete
     * 0 = disabled
     * >0 = duration in seconds
     *
     * @var int
     */
    protected $cacheTime = 0;

    /**
     * security policy object
     *
     * @var Dwoo_Security_Policy
     */
    protected $securityPolicy = null;

    /**
     * stores the custom plugins callbacks
     *
     * @see addPlugin
     * @see removePlugin
     * @var array
     */
    protected $plugins = array();

    /**
     * stores the filter callbacks
     *
     * @see addFilter
     * @see removeFilter
     * @var array
     */
    protected $filters = array();

    /**
     * stores the resource types and associated
     * classes / compiler classes
     *
     * @var array
     */
    protected $resources = array
    (
        'file'      =>  array
        (
            'class'     =>  'Dwoo_Template_File',
            'compiler'  =>  null
        ),
        'string'    =>  array
        (
            'class'     =>  'Dwoo_Template_String',
            'compiler'  =>  null
        )
    );

    /**
     * the dwoo loader object used to load plugins by this dwoo instance
     *
     * @var Dwoo_ILoader
     */
    protected $loader = null;

    /**
     * currently rendered template, set to null when not-rendering
     *
     * @var Dwoo_ITemplate
     */
    protected $template = null;

    /**
     * stores the instances of the class plugins during template runtime
     *
     * @var array
     */
    protected $runtimePlugins;

    /**
     * stores the returned values during template runtime
     *
     * @var array
     */
    protected $returnData;

    /**
     * stores the data during template runtime
     *
     * @var array
     * @private
     */
    public $data;

    /**
     * stores the current scope during template runtime
     *
     * this should ideally not be accessed directly from outside template code
     *
     * @var mixed
     * @private
     */
    public $scope;

    /**
     * stores the scope tree during template runtime
     *
     * @var array
     */
    protected $scopeTree;

    /**
     * stores the block plugins stack during template runtime
     *
     * @var array
     */
    protected $stack;

    /**
     * stores the current block plugin at the top of the stack during template runtime
     *
     * @var Dwoo_Block_Plugin
     */
    protected $curBlock;

    /**
     * stores the output buffer during template runtime
     *
     * @var string
     */
    protected $buffer;

    /**
     * stores plugin proxy
     *
     * @var Dwoo_IPluginProxy
     */
    protected $pluginProxy;

    /**
     * constructor, sets the cache and compile dir to the default values if not provided
     *
     * @param string $compileDir path to the compiled directory, defaults to lib/compiled
     * @param string $cacheDir path to the cache directory, defaults to lib/cache
     */
    public function __construct($compileDir = null, $cacheDir = null)
    {
        if ($compileDir !== null) {
            $this->setCompileDir($compileDir);
        }
        if ($cacheDir !== null) {
            $this->setCacheDir($cacheDir);
        }
        $this->initGlobals();
    }

    /**
     * resets some runtime variables to allow a cloned object to be used to render sub-templates
     */
    public function __clone()
    {
        $this->template = null;
        unset($this->data);
        unset($this->returnData);
    }

    /**
     * outputs the template instead of returning it, this is basically a shortcut for get(*, *, *, true)
     *
     * @see get
     * @param mixed $tpl template, can either be a Dwoo_ITemplate object (i.e. Dwoo_Template_File), a valid path to a template, or
     *                   a template as a string it is recommended to provide a Dwoo_ITemplate as it will probably make things faster,
     *                   especially if you render a template multiple times
     * @param mixed $data the data to use, can either be a Dwoo_IDataProvider object (i.e. Dwoo_Data) or an associative array. if you're
     *                    rendering the template from cache, it can be left null
     * @param Dwoo_ICompiler $compiler the compiler that must be used to compile the template, if left empty a default
     *                                Dwoo_Compiler will be used.
     * @return string nothing or the template output if $output is true
     */
    public function output($tpl, $data = array(), Dwoo_ICompiler $compiler = null)
    {
        return $this->get($tpl, $data, $compiler, true);
    }

    /**
     * returns the given template rendered using the provided data and optional compiler
     *
     * @param mixed $tpl template, can either be a Dwoo_ITemplate object (i.e. Dwoo_Template_File), a valid path to a template, or
     *                   a template as a string it is recommended to provide a Dwoo_ITemplate as it will probably make things faster,
     *                   especially if you render a template multiple times
     * @param mixed $data the data to use, can either be a Dwoo_IDataProvider object (i.e. Dwoo_Data) or an associative array. if you're
     *                    rendering the template from cache, it can be left null
     * @param Dwoo_ICompiler $compiler the compiler that must be used to compile the template, if left empty a default
     *                                Dwoo_Compiler will be used.
     * @param bool $output flag that defines whether the function returns the output of the template (false, default) or echoes it directly (true)
     * @return string nothing or the template output if $output is false
     */
    public function get($_tpl, $data = array(), $_compiler = null, $_output = false)
    {
        // a render call came from within a template, so we need a new dwoo instance in order to avoid breaking this one
        if ($this->template instanceof Dwoo_ITemplate) {
            $clone = clone $this;
            return $clone->get($_tpl, $data, $_compiler, $_output);
        }

        // auto-create template if required
        if ($_tpl instanceof Dwoo_ITemplate) {
            // valid, skip
        } elseif (is_string($_tpl) && file_exists($_tpl)) {
            $_tpl = new Dwoo_Template_File($_tpl);
        } else {
            throw new Dwoo_Exception('Dwoo->get/Dwoo->output\'s first argument must be a Dwoo_ITemplate (i.e. Dwoo_Template_File) or a valid path to a template file', E_USER_NOTICE);
        }

        // save the current template, enters render mode at the same time
        // if another rendering is requested it will be proxied to a new Dwoo_Core(instance
        $this->template = $_tpl;

        // load data
        if ($data instanceof Dwoo_IDataProvider) {
            $this->data = $data->getData();
        } elseif (is_array($data)) {
            $this->data = $data;
        } elseif ($data instanceof ArrayAccess) {
            $this->data = $data;
        } else {
            throw new Dwoo_Exception('Dwoo->get/Dwoo->output\'s data argument must be a Dwoo_IDataProvider object (i.e. Dwoo_Data) or an associative array', E_USER_NOTICE);
        }

        $this->globals['template'] = $_tpl->getName();
        $this->initRuntimeVars($_tpl);

        // try to get cached template
        $file = $_tpl->getCachedTemplate($this);
        $doCache = $file === true;
        $cacheLoaded = is_string($file);

        if ($cacheLoaded === true) {
            // cache is present, run it
            if ($_output === true) {
                include $file;
                $this->template = null;
            } else {
                ob_start();
                include $file;
                $this->template = null;
                return ob_get_clean();
            }
        } else {
            // no cache present
            if ($doCache === true) {
                $dynamicId = uniqid();
            }

            // render template
            $compiledTemplate = $_tpl->getCompiledTemplate($this, $_compiler);
            $out = include $compiledTemplate;

            // template returned false so it needs to be recompiled
            if ($out === false) {
                $_tpl->forceCompilation();
                $compiledTemplate = $_tpl->getCompiledTemplate($this, $_compiler);
                $out = include $compiledTemplate;
            }

            if ($doCache === true) {
                $out = preg_replace('/(<%|%>|<\?php|<\?|\?>)/', '<?php /*'.$dynamicId.'*/ echo \'$1\'; ?>', $out);
                if (!class_exists('Dwoo_plugin_dynamic', false)) {
                    $this->getLoader()->loadPlugin('dynamic');
                }
                $out = Dwoo_Plugin_dynamic::unescape($out, $dynamicId, $compiledTemplate);
            }

            // process filters
            foreach ($this->filters as $filter) {
                if (is_array($filter) && $filter[0] instanceof Dwoo_Filter) {
                    $out = call_user_func($filter, $out);
                } else {
                    $out = call_user_func($filter, $this, $out);
                }
            }

            if ($doCache === true) {
                // building cache
                $file = $_tpl->cache($this, $out);

                // run it from the cache to be sure dynamics are rendered
                if ($_output === true) {
                    include $file;
                    // exit render mode
                    $this->template = null;
                } else {
                    ob_start();
                    include $file;
                    // exit render mode
                    $this->template = null;
                    return ob_get_clean();
                }
            } else {
                // no need to build cache
                // exit render mode
                $this->template = null;
                // output
                if ($_output === true) {
                    echo $out;
                }
                return $out;
            }
        }
    }

    /**
     * re-initializes the globals array before each template run
     *
     * this method is only callede once when the Dwoo object is created
     */
    protected function initGlobals()
    {
        $this->globals = array
        (
            'version'   =>  self::VERSION,
            'ad'        =>  '<a href="http://dwoo.org/">Powered by Dwoo</a>',
            'now'       =>  $_SERVER['REQUEST_TIME'],
            'charset'   =>  $this->charset,
        );
    }

    /**
     * re-initializes the runtime variables before each template run
     *
     * override this method to inject data in the globals array if needed, this
     * method is called before each template execution
     *
     * @param Dwoo_ITemplate $tpl the template that is going to be rendered
     */
    protected function initRuntimeVars(Dwoo_ITemplate $tpl)
    {
        $this->runtimePlugins = array();
        $this->scope =& $this->data;
        $this->scopeTree = array();
        $this->stack = array();
        $this->curBlock = null;
        $this->buffer = '';
        $this->returnData = array();
    }

    /*
     * --------- settings functions ---------
     */

    /**
     * adds a custom plugin that is not in one of the plugin directories
     *
     * @param string $name the plugin name to be used in the templates
     * @param callback $callback the plugin callback, either a function name,
     *                           a class name or an array containing an object
     *                           or class name and a method name
     * @param bool $compilable if set to true, the plugin is assumed to be compilable
     */
    public function addPlugin($name, $callback, $compilable = false)
    {
        $compilable = $compilable ? self::COMPILABLE_PLUGIN : 0;
        if (is_array($callback)) {
            if (is_subclass_of(is_object($callback[0]) ? get_class($callback[0]) : $callback[0], 'Dwoo_Block_Plugin')) {
                $this->plugins[$name] = array('type'=>self::BLOCK_PLUGIN | $compilable, 'callback'=>$callback, 'class'=>(is_object($callback[0]) ? get_class($callback[0]) : $callback[0]));
            } else {
                $this->plugins[$name] = array('type'=>self::CLASS_PLUGIN | $compilable, 'callback'=>$callback, 'class'=>(is_object($callback[0]) ? get_class($callback[0]) : $callback[0]), 'function'=>$callback[1]);
            }
        } elseif (class_exists($callback, false)) {
            if (is_subclass_of($callback, 'Dwoo_Block_Plugin')) {
                $this->plugins[$name] = array('type'=>self::BLOCK_PLUGIN | $compilable, 'callback'=>$callback, 'class'=>$callback);
            } else {
                $this->plugins[$name] = array('type'=>self::CLASS_PLUGIN | $compilable, 'callback'=>$callback, 'class'=>$callback, 'function'=>($compilable ? 'compile' : 'process'));
            }
        } elseif (function_exists($callback)) {
            $this->plugins[$name] = array('type'=>self::FUNC_PLUGIN | $compilable, 'callback'=>$callback);
        } else {
            throw new Dwoo_Exception('Callback could not be processed correctly, please check that the function/class you used exists');
        }
    }

    /**
     * removes a custom plugin
     *
     * @param string $name the plugin name
     */
    public function removePlugin($name)
    {
        if (isset($this->plugins[$name])) {
            unset($this->plugins[$name]);
        }
    }

    /**
     * adds a filter to this Dwoo instance, it will be used to filter the output of all the templates rendered by this instance
     *
     * @param mixed $callback a callback or a filter name if it is autoloaded from a plugin directory
     * @param bool $autoload if true, the first parameter must be a filter name from one of the plugin directories
     */
    public function addFilter($callback, $autoload = false)
    {
        if ($autoload) {
            $class = 'Dwoo_Filter_'.$callback;

            if (!class_exists($class, false) && !function_exists($class)) {
                try {
                    $this->getLoader()->loadPlugin($callback);
                } catch (Dwoo_Exception $e) {
                    if (strstr($callback, 'Dwoo_Filter_')) {
                        throw new Dwoo_Exception('Wrong filter name : '.$callback.', the "Dwoo_Filter_" prefix should not be used, please only use "'.str_replace('Dwoo_Filter_', '', $callback).'"');
                    } else {
                        throw new Dwoo_Exception('Wrong filter name : '.$callback.', when using autoload the filter must be in one of your plugin dir as "name.php" containg a class or function named "Dwoo_Filter_name"');
                    }
                }
            }

            if (class_exists($class, false)) {
                $callback = array(new $class($this), 'process');
            } elseif (function_exists($class)) {
                $callback = $class;
            } else {
                throw new Dwoo_Exception('Wrong filter name : '.$callback.', when using autoload the filter must be in one of your plugin dir as "name.php" containg a class or function named "Dwoo_Filter_name"');
            }

            $this->filters[] = $callback;
        } else {
            $this->filters[] = $callback;
        }
    }

    /**
     * removes a filter
     *
     * @param mixed $callback callback or filter name if it was autoloaded
     */
    public function removeFilter($callback)
    {
        if (($index = array_search('Dwoo_Filter_'.$callback, $this->filters, true)) !== false) {
            unset($this->filters[$index]);
        } elseif (($index = array_search($callback, $this->filters, true)) !== false) {
            unset($this->filters[$index]);
        } else  {
            $class = 'Dwoo_Filter_' . $callback;
            foreach ($this->filters as $index=>$filter) {
                if (is_array($filter) && $filter[0] instanceof $class) {
                    unset($this->filters[$index]);
                    break;
                }
            }
        }
    }

    /**
     * adds a resource or overrides a default one
     *
     * @param string $name the resource name
     * @param string $class the resource class (which must implement Dwoo_ITemplate)
     * @param callback $compilerFactory the compiler factory callback, a function that must return a compiler instance used to compile this resource, if none is provided. by default it will produce a Dwoo_Compiler object
     */
    public function addResource($name, $class, $compilerFactory = null)
    {
        if (strlen($name) < 2) {
            throw new Dwoo_Exception('Resource names must be at least two-character long to avoid conflicts with Windows paths');
        }

        if (!class_exists($class)) {
            throw new Dwoo_Exception('Resource class does not exist');
        }

        $interfaces = class_implements($class);
        if (in_array('Dwoo_ITemplate', $interfaces) === false) {
            throw new Dwoo_Exception('Resource class must implement Dwoo_ITemplate');
        }

        $this->resources[$name] = array('class'=>$class, 'compiler'=>$compilerFactory);
    }

    /**
     * removes a custom resource
     *
     * @param string $name the resource name
     */
    public function removeResource($name)
    {
        unset($this->resources[$name]);
        if ($name==='file') {
            $this->resources['file'] = array('class'=>'Dwoo_Template_File', 'compiler'=>null);
        }
    }

    /*
     * --------- getters and setters ---------
     */

    /**
     * sets the loader object to use to load plugins
     *
     * @param Dwoo_ILoader $loader loader object
     */
    public function setLoader(Dwoo_ILoader $loader)
    {
        $this->loader = $loader;
    }

    /**
     * returns the current loader object or a default one if none is currently found
     *
     * @param Dwoo_ILoader
     */
    public function getLoader()
    {
        if ($this->loader === null) {
            $this->loader = new Dwoo_Loader($this->getCompileDir());
        }

        return $this->loader;
    }

    /**
     * returns the custom plugins loaded
     *
     * used by the Dwoo_ITemplate classes to pass the custom plugins to their Dwoo_ICompiler instance
     *
     * @return array
     */
    public function getCustomPlugins()
    {
        return $this->plugins;
    }

    /**
     * returns the cache directory with a trailing DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR
     *
     * @return string
     */
    public function getCacheDir()
    {
        if ($this->cacheDir === null) {
            $this->setCacheDir(DWOO_DIRECTORY.'cache'.DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR);
        }

        return $this->cacheDir;
    }

    /**
     * sets the cache directory and automatically appends a DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR
     *
     * @param string $dir the cache directory
     */
    public function setCacheDir($dir)
    {
        $this->cacheDir = rtrim($dir, '/\\').DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR;
        if (is_writable($this->cacheDir) === false) {
            throw new Dwoo_Exception('The cache directory must be writable, chmod "'.$this->cacheDir.'" to make it writable');
        }
    }

    /**
     * returns the compile directory with a trailing DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR
     *
     * @return string
     */
    public function getCompileDir()
    {
        if ($this->compileDir === null) {
            $this->setCompileDir(DWOO_DIRECTORY.'compiled'.DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR);
        }

        return $this->compileDir;
    }

    /**
     * sets the compile directory and automatically appends a DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR
     *
     * @param string $dir the compile directory
     */
    public function setCompileDir($dir)
    {
        $this->compileDir = rtrim($dir, '/\\').DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR;
        if (is_writable($this->compileDir) === false) {
            throw new Dwoo_Exception('The compile directory must be writable, chmod "'.$this->compileDir.'" to make it writable');
        }
    }

    /**
     * returns the default cache time that is used with templates that do not have a cache time set
     *
     * @return int the duration in seconds
     */
    public function getCacheTime()
    {
        return $this->cacheTime;
    }

    /**
     * sets the default cache time to use with templates that do not have a cache time set
     *
     * @param int $seconds the duration in seconds
     */
    public function setCacheTime($seconds)
    {
        $this->cacheTime = (int) $seconds;
    }

    /**
     * returns the character set used by the string manipulation plugins
     *
     * the charset is automatically lowercased
     *
     * @return string
     */
    public function getCharset()
    {
        return $this->charset;
    }

    /**
     * sets the character set used by the string manipulation plugins
     *
     * the charset will be automatically lowercased
     *
     * @param string $charset the character set
     */
    public function setCharset($charset)
    {
        $this->charset = strtolower((string) $charset);
    }

    /**
     * returns the current template being rendered, when applicable, or null
     *
     * @return Dwoo_ITemplate|null
     */
    public function getTemplate()
    {
        return $this->template;
    }

    /**
     * sets the current template being rendered
     *
     * @param Dwoo_ITemplate $tpl template object
     */
    public function setTemplate(Dwoo_ITemplate $tpl)
    {
        $this->template = $tpl;
    }

    /**
     * sets the default compiler factory function for the given resource name
     *
     * a compiler factory must return a Dwoo_ICompiler object pre-configured to fit your needs
     *
     * @param string $resourceName the resource name (i.e. file, string)
     * @param callback $compilerFactory the compiler factory callback
     */
    public function setDefaultCompilerFactory($resourceName, $compilerFactory)
    {
        $this->resources[$resourceName]['compiler'] = $compilerFactory;
    }

    /**
     * returns the default compiler factory function for the given resource name
     *
     * @param string $resourceName the resource name
     * @return callback the compiler factory callback
     */
    public function getDefaultCompilerFactory($resourceName)
    {
        return $this->resources[$resourceName]['compiler'];
    }

    /**
     * sets the security policy object to enforce some php security settings
     *
     * use this if untrusted persons can modify templates
     *
     * @param Dwoo_Security_Policy $policy the security policy object
     */
    public function setSecurityPolicy(Dwoo_Security_Policy $policy = null)
    {
        $this->securityPolicy = $policy;
    }

    /**
     * returns the current security policy object or null by default
     *
     * @return Dwoo_Security_Policy|null the security policy object if any
     */
    public function getSecurityPolicy()
    {
        return $this->securityPolicy;
    }

    /**
     * sets the object that must be used as a plugin proxy when plugin can't be found
     * by dwoo's loader
     *
     * @param Dwoo_IPluginProxy $pluginProxy the proxy object
     */
    public function setPluginProxy(Dwoo_IPluginProxy $pluginProxy) {
        $this->pluginProxy = $pluginProxy;
    }

    /**
     * returns the current plugin proxy object or null by default
     *
     * @param Dwoo_IPluginProxy|null the proxy object if any
     */
    public function getPluginProxy() {
        return $this->pluginProxy;
    }

    /*
     * --------- util functions ---------
     */

    /**
     * [util function] checks whether the given template is cached or not
     *
     * @param Dwoo_ITemplate $tpl the template object
     * @return bool
     */
    public function isCached(Dwoo_ITemplate $tpl)
    {
        return is_string($tpl->getCachedTemplate($this));
    }

    /**
     * [util function] clears the cached templates if they are older than the given time
     *
     * @param int $olderThan minimum time (in seconds) required for a cached template to be cleared
     * @return int the amount of templates cleared
     */
    public function clearCache($olderThan=-1)
    {
        $cacheDirs = new RecursiveDirectoryIterator($this->getCacheDir());
        $cache = new RecursiveIteratorIterator($cacheDirs);
        $expired = time() - $olderThan;
        $count = 0;
        foreach ($cache as $file) {
            if ($cache->isDot() || $cache->isDir() || substr($file, -5) !== '.html') {
                continue;
            }
            if ($cache->getCTime() < $expired) {
                $count += unlink((string) $file) ? 1 : 0;
            }
        }
        return $count;
    }

    /**
     * [util function] fetches a template object of the given resource
     *
     * @param string $resourceName the resource name (i.e. file, string)
     * @param string $resourceId the resource identifier (i.e. file path)
     * @param int $cacheTime the cache time setting for this resource
     * @param string $cacheId the unique cache identifier
     * @param string $compileId the unique compiler identifier
     * @return Dwoo_ITemplate
     */
    public function templateFactory($resourceName, $resourceId, $cacheTime = null, $cacheId = null, $compileId = null, Dwoo_ITemplate $parentTemplate = null)
    {
        if (isset($this->resources[$resourceName])) {
            // TODO could be changed to $this->resources[$resourceName]['class']::templateFactory(..) in 5.3 maybe
            return call_user_func(array($this->resources[$resourceName]['class'], 'templateFactory'), $this, $resourceId, $cacheTime, $cacheId, $compileId, $parentTemplate);
        } else {
            throw new Dwoo_Exception('Unknown resource type : '.$resourceName);
        }
    }

    /**
     * [util function] checks if the input is an array or arrayaccess object, optionally it can also check if it's empty
     *
     * @param mixed $value the variable to check
     * @param bool $checkIsEmpty if true, the function will also check if the array|arrayaccess is empty,
     *                              and return true only if it's not empty
     * @return int|bool true if it's an array|arrayaccess (or the item count if $checkIsEmpty is true) or false if it's not an array|arrayaccess (or 0 if $checkIsEmpty is true)
     */
    public function isArray($value, $checkIsEmpty=false)
    {
        if (is_array($value) === true || $value instanceof ArrayAccess) {
            if ($checkIsEmpty === false) {
                return true;
            } else {
                return $this->count($value);
            }
        }
    }

    /**
     * [util function] checks if the input is an array or a traversable object, optionally it can also check if it's empty
     *
     * @param mixed $value the variable to check
     * @param bool $checkIsEmpty if true, the function will also check if the array|traversable is empty,
     *                              and return true only if it's not empty
     * @return int|bool true if it's an array|traversable (or the item count if $checkIsEmpty is true) or false if it's not an array|traversable (or 0 if $checkIsEmpty is true)
     */
    public function isTraversable($value, $checkIsEmpty=false)
    {
        if (is_array($value) === true) {
            if ($checkIsEmpty === false) {
                return true;
            } else {
                return count($value) > 0;
            }
        } elseif ($value instanceof Traversable) {
            if ($checkIsEmpty === false) {
                return true;
            } else {
                return $this->count($value);
            }
        }
        return false;
    }

    /**
     * [util function] counts an array or arrayaccess/traversable object
     * @param mixed $value
     * @return int|bool the count for arrays and objects that implement countable, true for other objects that don't, and 0 for empty elements
     */
    public function count($value)
    {
        if (is_array($value) === true || $value instanceof Countable) {
            return count($value);
        } elseif ($value instanceof ArrayAccess) {
            if ($value->offsetExists(0)) {
                return true;
            }
        } elseif ($value instanceof Iterator) {
            $value->rewind();
            if ($value->valid()) {
                return true;
            }
        } elseif ($value instanceof Traversable) {
            foreach ($value as $dummy) {
                return true;
            }
        }
        return 0;
    }

    /**
     * [util function] triggers a dwoo error
     *
     * @param string $message the error message
     * @param int $level the error level, one of the PHP's E_* constants
     */
    public function triggerError($message, $level=E_USER_NOTICE)
    {
        if (!($tplIdentifier = $this->template->getResourceIdentifier())) {
            $tplIdentifier = $this->template->getResourceName();
        }
        trigger_error('Dwoo error (in '.$tplIdentifier.') : '.$message, $level);
    }

    /*
     * --------- runtime functions ---------
     */

    /**
     * [runtime function] adds a block to the block stack
     *
     * @param string $blockName the block name (without Dwoo_Plugin_ prefix)
     * @param array $args the arguments to be passed to the block's init() function
     * @return Dwoo_Block_Plugin the newly created block
     */
    public function addStack($blockName, array $args=array())
    {
        if (isset($this->plugins[$blockName])) {
            $class = $this->plugins[$blockName]['class'];
        } else {
            $class = 'Dwoo_Plugin_'.$blockName;
        }

        if ($this->curBlock !== null) {
            $this->curBlock->buffer(ob_get_contents());
            ob_clean();
        } else {
            $this->buffer .= ob_get_contents();
            ob_clean();
        }

        $block = new $class($this);

        $cnt = count($args);
        if ($cnt===0) {
            $block->init();
        } elseif ($cnt===1) {
            $block->init($args[0]);
        } elseif ($cnt===2) {
            $block->init($args[0], $args[1]);
        } elseif ($cnt===3) {
            $block->init($args[0], $args[1], $args[2]);
        } elseif ($cnt===4) {
            $block->init($args[0], $args[1], $args[2], $args[3]);
        } else {
            call_user_func_array(array($block,'init'), $args);
        }

        $this->stack[] = $this->curBlock = $block;
        return $block;
    }

    /**
     * [runtime function] removes the plugin at the top of the block stack
     *
     * calls the block buffer() function, followed by a call to end()
     * and finally a call to process()
     */
    public function delStack()
    {
        $args = func_get_args();

        $this->curBlock->buffer(ob_get_contents());
        ob_clean();

        $cnt = count($args);
        if ($cnt===0) {
            $this->curBlock->end();
        } elseif ($cnt===1) {
            $this->curBlock->end($args[0]);
        } elseif ($cnt===2) {
            $this->curBlock->end($args[0], $args[1]);
        } elseif ($cnt===3) {
            $this->curBlock->end($args[0], $args[1], $args[2]);
        } elseif ($cnt===4) {
            $this->curBlock->end($args[0], $args[1], $args[2], $args[3]);
        } else {
            call_user_func_array(array($this->curBlock, 'end'), $args);
        }

        $tmp = array_pop($this->stack);

        if (count($this->stack) > 0) {
            $this->curBlock = end($this->stack);
            $this->curBlock->buffer($tmp->process());
        } else {
            $this->curBlock = null;
            echo $tmp->process();
        }

        unset($tmp);
    }

    /**
     * [runtime function] returns the parent block of the given block
     *
     * @param Dwoo_Block_Plugin $block
     * @return Dwoo_Block_Plugin or false if the given block isn't in the stack
     */
    public function getParentBlock(Dwoo_Block_Plugin $block)
    {
        $index = array_search($block, $this->stack, true);
        if ($index !== false && $index > 0) {
            return $this->stack[$index-1];
        }
        return false;
    }

    /**
     * [runtime function] finds the closest block of the given type, starting at the top of the stack
     *
     * @param string $type the type of plugin you want to find
     * @return Dwoo_Block_Plugin or false if no plugin of such type is in the stack
     */
    public function findBlock($type)
    {
        if (isset($this->plugins[$type])) {
            $type = $this->plugins[$type]['class'];
        } else {
            $type = 'Dwoo_Plugin_'.str_replace('Dwoo_Plugin_', '', $type);
        }

        $keys = array_keys($this->stack);
        while (($key = array_pop($keys)) !== false) {
            if ($this->stack[$key] instanceof $type) {
                return $this->stack[$key];
            }
        }
        return false;
    }

    /**
     * [runtime function] returns a Dwoo_Plugin of the given class
     *
     * this is so a single instance of every class plugin is created at each template run,
     * allowing class plugins to have "per-template-run" static variables
     *
     * @private
     * @param string $class the class name
     * @return mixed an object of the given class
     */
    public function getObjectPlugin($class)
    {
        if (isset($this->runtimePlugins[$class])) {
            return $this->runtimePlugins[$class];
        }
        return $this->runtimePlugins[$class] = new $class($this);
    }

    /**
     * [runtime function] calls the process() method of the given class-plugin name
     *
     * @param string $plugName the class plugin name (without Dwoo_Plugin_ prefix)
     * @param array $params an array of parameters to send to the process() method
     * @return string the process() return value
     */
    public function classCall($plugName, array $params = array())
    {
        $class = 'Dwoo_Plugin_'.$plugName;

        $plugin = $this->getObjectPlugin($class);

        $cnt = count($params);
        if ($cnt===0) {
            return $plugin->process();
        } elseif ($cnt===1) {
            return $plugin->process($params[0]);
        } elseif ($cnt===2) {
            return $plugin->process($params[0], $params[1]);
        } elseif ($cnt===3) {
            return $plugin->process($params[0], $params[1], $params[2]);
        } elseif ($cnt===4) {
            return $plugin->process($params[0], $params[1], $params[2], $params[3]);
        } else {
            return call_user_func_array(array($plugin, 'process'), $params);
        }
    }

    /**
     * [runtime function] calls a php function
     *
     * @param string $callback the function to call
     * @param array $params an array of parameters to send to the function
     * @return mixed the return value of the called function
     */
    public function arrayMap($callback, array $params)
    {
        if ($params[0] === $this) {
            $addThis = true;
            array_shift($params);
        }
        if ((is_array($params[0]) || ($params[0] instanceof Iterator && $params[0] instanceof ArrayAccess))) {
            if (empty($params[0])) {
                return $params[0];
            }

            // array map
            $out = array();
            $cnt = count($params);

            if (isset($addThis)) {
                array_unshift($params, $this);
                $items = $params[1];
                $keys = array_keys($items);

                if (is_string($callback) === false) {
                    while (($i = array_shift($keys)) !== null) {
                        $out[] = call_user_func_array($callback, array(1=>$items[$i]) + $params);
                    }
                } elseif ($cnt===1) {
                    while (($i = array_shift($keys)) !== null) {
                        $out[] = $callback($this, $items[$i]);
                    }
                } elseif ($cnt===2) {
                    while (($i = array_shift($keys)) !== null) {
                        $out[] = $callback($this, $items[$i], $params[2]);
                    }
                } elseif ($cnt===3) {
                    while (($i = array_shift($keys)) !== null) {
                        $out[] = $callback($this, $items[$i], $params[2], $params[3]);
                    }
                } else {
                    while (($i = array_shift($keys)) !== null) {
                        $out[] = call_user_func_array($callback, array(1=>$items[$i]) + $params);
                    }
                }
            } else {
                $items = $params[0];
                $keys = array_keys($items);

                if (is_string($callback) === false) {
                    while (($i = array_shift($keys)) !== null) {
                        $out[] = call_user_func_array($callback, array($items[$i]) + $params);
                    }
                } elseif ($cnt===1) {
                    while (($i = array_shift($keys)) !== null) {
                        $out[] = $callback($items[$i]);
                    }
                } elseif ($cnt===2) {
                    while (($i = array_shift($keys)) !== null) {
                        $out[] = $callback($items[$i], $params[1]);
                    }
                } elseif ($cnt===3) {
                    while (($i = array_shift($keys)) !== null) {
                        $out[] = $callback($items[$i], $params[1], $params[2]);
                    }
                } elseif ($cnt===4) {
                    while (($i = array_shift($keys)) !== null) {
                        $out[] = $callback($items[$i], $params[1], $params[2], $params[3]);
                    }
                } else {
                    while (($i = array_shift($keys)) !== null) {
                        $out[] = call_user_func_array($callback, array($items[$i]) + $params);
                    }
                }
            }
            return $out;
        } else {
            return $params[0];
        }
    }

    /**
     * [runtime function] reads a variable into the given data array
     *
     * @param string $varstr the variable string, using dwoo variable syntax (i.e. "var.subvar[subsubvar]->property")
     * @param mixed $data the data array or object to read from
     * @param bool $safeRead if true, the function will check whether the index exists to prevent any notices from being output
     * @return mixed
     */
    public function readVarInto($varstr, $data, $safeRead = false)
    {
        if ($data === null) {
            return null;
        }

        if (is_array($varstr) === false) {
            preg_match_all('#(\[|->|\.)?((?:[^.[\]-]|-(?!>))+)\]?#i', $varstr, $m);
        } else {
            $m = $varstr;
        }
        unset($varstr);

        while (list($k, $sep) = each($m[1])) {
            if ($sep === '.' || $sep === '[' || $sep === '') {
                // strip enclosing quotes if present
                $m[2][$k] = preg_replace('#^(["\']?)(.*?)\1$#', '$2', $m[2][$k]);

                if ((is_array($data) || $data instanceof ArrayAccess) && ($safeRead === false || isset($data[$m[2][$k]]))) {
                    $data = $data[$m[2][$k]];
                } else {
                    return null;
                }
            } else {
                if (is_object($data) && ($safeRead === false || isset($data->$m[2][$k]))) {
                    $data = $data->$m[2][$k];
                } else {
                    return null;
                }
            }
        }

        return $data;
    }

    /**
     * [runtime function] reads a variable into the parent scope
     *
     * @param int $parentLevels the amount of parent levels to go from the current scope
     * @param string $varstr the variable string, using dwoo variable syntax (i.e. "var.subvar[subsubvar]->property")
     * @return mixed
     */
    public function readParentVar($parentLevels, $varstr = null)
    {
        $tree = $this->scopeTree;
        $cur = $this->data;

        while ($parentLevels--!==0) {
            array_pop($tree);
        }

        while (($i = array_shift($tree)) !== null) {
            if (is_object($cur)) {
                $cur = $cur->$i;
            } else {
                $cur = $cur[$i];
            }
        }

        if ($varstr!==null) {
            return $this->readVarInto($varstr, $cur);
        } else {
            return $cur;
        }
    }

    /**
     * [runtime function] reads a variable into the current scope
     *
     * @param string $varstr the variable string, using dwoo variable syntax (i.e. "var.subvar[subsubvar]->property")
     * @return mixed
     */
    public function readVar($varstr)
    {
        if (is_array($varstr)===true) {
            $m = $varstr;
            unset($varstr);
        } else {
            if (strstr($varstr, '.') === false && strstr($varstr, '[') === false && strstr($varstr, '->') === false) {
                if ($varstr === 'dwoo') {
                    return $this->globals;
                } elseif ($varstr === '__' || $varstr === '_root' ) {
                    return $this->data;
                    $varstr = substr($varstr, 6);
                } elseif ($varstr === '_' || $varstr === '_parent') {
                    $varstr = '.'.$varstr;
                    $tree = $this->scopeTree;
                    $cur = $this->data;
                    array_pop($tree);

                    while (($i = array_shift($tree)) !== null) {
                        if (is_object($cur)) {
                            $cur = $cur->$i;
                        } else {
                            $cur = $cur[$i];
                        }
                    }

                    return $cur;
                }

                $cur = $this->scope;

                if (isset($cur[$varstr])) {
                    return $cur[$varstr];
                } else {
                    return null;
                }
            }

            if (substr($varstr, 0, 1) === '.') {
                $varstr = 'dwoo'.$varstr;
            }

            preg_match_all('#(\[|->|\.)?((?:[^.[\]-]|-(?!>))+)\]?#i', $varstr, $m);
        }

        $i = $m[2][0];
        if ($i === 'dwoo') {
            $cur = $this->globals;
            array_shift($m[2]);
            array_shift($m[1]);
            switch ($m[2][0]) {

            case 'get':
                $cur = $_GET;
                break;
            case 'post':
                $cur = $_POST;
                break;
            case 'session':
                $cur = $_SESSION;
                break;
            case 'cookies':
            case 'cookie':
                $cur = $_COOKIE;
                break;
            case 'server':
                $cur = $_SERVER;
                break;
            case 'env':
                $cur = $_ENV;
                break;
            case 'request':
                $cur = $_REQUEST;
                break;
            case 'const':
                array_shift($m[2]);
                if (defined($m[2][0])) {
                    return constant($m[2][0]);
                } else {
                    return null;
                }

            }
            if ($cur !== $this->globals) {
                array_shift($m[2]);
                array_shift($m[1]);
            }
        } elseif ($i === '__' || $i === '_root') {
            $cur = $this->data;
            array_shift($m[2]);
            array_shift($m[1]);
        } elseif ($i === '_' || $i === '_parent') {
            $tree = $this->scopeTree;
            $cur = $this->data;

            while (true) {
                array_pop($tree);
                array_shift($m[2]);
                array_shift($m[1]);
                if (current($m[2]) === '_' || current($m[2]) === '_parent') {
                    continue;
                }

                while (($i = array_shift($tree)) !== null) {
                    if (is_object($cur)) {
                        $cur = $cur->$i;
                    } else {
                        $cur = $cur[$i];
                    }
                }
                break;
            }
        } else {
            $cur = $this->scope;
        }

        while (list($k, $sep) = each($m[1])) {
            if ($sep === '.' || $sep === '[' || $sep === '') {
                if ((is_array($cur) || $cur instanceof ArrayAccess) && isset($cur[$m[2][$k]])) {
                    $cur = $cur[$m[2][$k]];
                } else {
                    return null;
                }
            } elseif ($sep === '->') {
                if (is_object($cur)) {
                    $cur = $cur->$m[2][$k];
                } else {
                    return null;
                }
            } else {
                return null;
            }
        }

        return $cur;
    }

    /**
     * [runtime function] assign the value to the given variable
     *
     * @param mixed $value the value to assign
     * @param string $scope the variable string, using dwoo variable syntax (i.e. "var.subvar[subsubvar]->property")
     * @return bool true if assigned correctly or false if a problem occured while parsing the var string
     */
    public function assignInScope($value, $scope)
    {
        $tree =& $this->scopeTree;
        $data =& $this->data;

        if (!is_string($scope)) {
            return $this->triggerError('Assignments must be done into strings, ('.gettype($scope).') '.var_export($scope, true).' given', E_USER_ERROR);
        }
        if (strstr($scope, '.') === false && strstr($scope, '->') === false) {
            $this->scope[$scope] = $value;
        } else {
            // TODO handle _root/_parent scopes ?
            preg_match_all('#(\[|->|\.)?([^.[\]-]+)\]?#i', $scope, $m);

            $cur =& $this->scope;
            $last = array(array_pop($m[1]), array_pop($m[2]));

            while (list($k, $sep) = each($m[1])) {
                if ($sep === '.' || $sep === '[' || $sep === '') {
                    if (is_array($cur) === false) {
                        $cur = array();
                    }
                    $cur =& $cur[$m[2][$k]];
                } elseif ($sep === '->') {
                    if (is_object($cur) === false) {
                        $cur = new stdClass;
                    }
                    $cur =& $cur->$m[2][$k];
                } else {
                    return false;
                }
            }

            if ($last[0] === '.' || $last[0] === '[' || $last[0] === '') {
                if (is_array($cur) === false) {
                    $cur = array();
                }
                $cur[$last[1]] = $value;
            } elseif ($last[0] === '->') {
                if (is_object($cur) === false) {
                    $cur = new stdClass;
                }
                $cur->$last[1] = $value;
            } else {
                return false;
            }
        }
    }

    /**
     * [runtime function] sets the scope to the given scope string or array
     *
     * @param mixed $scope a string i.e. "level1.level2" or an array i.e. array("level1", "level2")
     * @param bool $absolute if true, the scope is set from the top level scope and not from the current scope
     * @return array the current scope tree
     */
    public function setScope($scope, $absolute = false)
    {
        $old = $this->scopeTree;

        if (is_string($scope)===true) {
            $scope = explode('.', $scope);
        }

        if ($absolute===true) {
            $this->scope =& $this->data;
            $this->scopeTree = array();
        }

        while (($bit = array_shift($scope)) !== null) {
            if ($bit === '_' || $bit === '_parent') {
                array_pop($this->scopeTree);
                $this->scope =& $this->data;
                $cnt = count($this->scopeTree);
                for ($i=0;$i<$cnt;$i++)
                    $this->scope =& $this->scope[$this->scopeTree[$i]];
            } elseif ($bit === '__' || $bit === '_root') {
                $this->scope =& $this->data;
                $this->scopeTree = array();
            } elseif (isset($this->scope[$bit])) {
                if($this->scope instanceof ArrayAccess) {
                    $tmp = $this->scope[$bit];
                    $this->scope =& $tmp;
                } else {
                    $this->scope =& $this->scope[$bit];
                }
                $this->scopeTree[] = $bit;
            } else {
                unset($this->scope);
                $this->scope = null;
            }
        }

        return $old;
    }

    /**
     * [runtime function] returns the entire data array
     *
     * @return array
     */
    public function getData()
    {
        return $this->data;
    }

    /**
     * [runtime function] sets a return value for the currently running template
     *
     * @param string $name var name
     * @param mixed $value var value
     */
    public function setReturnValue($name, $value)
    {
        $this->returnData[$name] = $value;
    }

    /**
     * [runtime function] retrieves the return values set by the template
     *
     * @return array
     */
    public function getReturnValues()
    {
        return $this->returnData;
    }

    /**
     * [runtime function] returns a reference to the current scope
     *
     * @return &mixed
     */
    public function &getScope()
    {
        return $this->scope;
    }

    /**
     * Redirects all calls to unexisting to plugin proxy.
     *
     * @param string Method name
     * @param array  List of arguments
     * @return mixed
     */
    public function __call($method, $args) {
        $proxy = $this->getPluginProxy();
        if (!$proxy) {
            throw new Dwoo_Exception('Call to undefined method '.__CLASS__.'::'.$method.'()');
        }
        return call_user_func_array($proxy->getCallback($method), $args);
    }
}